Polysorbate 80, Food Grade, Kosher, Halal

Chemistry
Polysorbate 80 is derived from polyethoxylated sorbitan and oleic acid. The hydrophilic groups in this compound are polyethers also known as polyoxyethylene groups, which are polymers of ethylene oxide. In the nomenclature of polysorbates, the numeric designation following polysorbate refers to the lipophilic group, in this case the oleic acid (see polysorbate for more detail). The full chemical names for polysorbate 80 are: Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate and
(x)-sorbitan mono-9-octadecenoate poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl). The critical micelle concentration of polysorbate 80 in pure water is reported as 0.012 mM.

Food Use
Polysorbate 80 is used as an emulsifier in foods. For example, in ice cream, polysorbate is added up to 0.5% (v/v) concentration to make the ice cream smoother and easier to handle, as well as increasing its resistance to melting. Adding this substance prevents milk proteins from completely coating the fat droplets. This allows them to join together in chains and nets, which hold air in the mixture, and provide a firmer texture that holds its shape as the ice cream melts.

Health And Beauty Use
Polysorbate 80 is also used as a surfactant in soaps and cosmetics (including eyedrops), or a solubilizer such as in a mouthwash. The cosmetic grade of polysorbate 80 may have more impurities than the food grade.

Medical Use
Polysorbate 80 is an excipient that is used to stabilize aqueous formulations of medications for parenteral administration, and used as an emulsifier in the making of the popular antiarrhythmic amiodarone. It is also used as an excipient in some European and Canadian influenza vaccines. Influenza vaccines contain 2.5 μg of polysorbate 80 per dose. Polysorbate 80 is found in many vaccines used in the United States. It is also used in the culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Middlebrook 7H9 broth. It is also used as an emulsifier in the estrogen-regulating drug Estrasorb. Also used in granulation for stabilization of drug and excipients while doing IPA binding.

Laboratory Use
Some mycobacteria contain a type of lipase (enzyme that breaks up lipid molecules); when these species are added to a mixture of polysorbate 80 and phenol red, they cause the solution to change color, so this is used as a test to identify the phenotype of a strain or isolate. On RODAC agar plates used in microbiological control, polysorbate 80 counteracts any disinfectants often found on sampled surfaces, thereby allowing the microbes found on these surfaces to grow.

• Pharmaceuticals
• Food & Beverage
• Medical
• Research & Development

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